FOR SOLDIERS on the entrance, electromagnetic defences are as important as air: invisible when current, and disastrous when not. In July Ukrainian troops in southern Donbas discovered this out the onerous method. Abruptly, Russian drones switched frequencies, from commonplace 700-1,000 megahertz to 400-500 megahertz, blinding Ukraine’s electronic-warfare (ew) programs. The drones flew deep behind the traces, slicing off models and making provide routes impassable. Tens of Ukrainian army automobiles have been destroyed day by day in what Serhii Beskrestnov, a Ukrainian EW specialist, calls a “Russian safari”. Solely when Ukraine understood what was occurring, and secured new EW programs working at 500 megahertz, weeks later, have been they in a position to stabilise the state of affairs.